If you can define a single, catch-all process for “installing a program to linux” then I’m sure the JUCE devs would be happy to provide a mechanism for that. Unfortunately, you’ll find that such a thing does not exist and different distros and desktop environments have their own idiosyncracies.
If you search this forum you will find a few very helpful threads for getting everything set up on Linux (like this one). Same thing regarding your other post about the Code::Blocks exporter (short answer: ‘Open in IDE’ doesn’t work for Code::Blocks, you just open the project manually from your Builds folder).
Adding ‘site:forum.juce.com’ to your search engine queries will go a long way towards solving any setup issues you may experience.